"Juan Vucetich was to say years later that the ID was the legal equivalent of the individual, his perfect representation, the mathematical figure of his individuality .[...] Some years later, that was his pupil, Luis Reyna Almandós came to say that the 'document' and assigning a number to each person was in fact a right, as the number one and only facilitate the existence of individuals, protect your honor of confusion with others and ensure the true identity. Finally he came to propose that for convenience that number was tattooed on the body of each individual. [...]. Then the system Nazi Germany was [also] obsessed with this task identifying "Gabriel Ignacio Anitua
in" Identify! "[1]
Do your duty. Pass the portfolio by the detector, log in control, give your details to the officer, leave their mark on the form, open your bag, showing your personal belongings, leave the film, leave photograph, desnúdese at the airport ... and give blood and DNA from his son to the city government.
BIOMETRICS AND DNA
"The biometrics is the study of automated methods for recognizing humans based single one or more intrinsic physical or behavioral traits. The term derives from the Greek words 'bios' of life and "metron" measure. "
Fingerprints or DNA profiles are one of those individual human traits that can be currently measured and recorded. But unlike fingerprints, iris or voice, DNA not only provides data that identify a person, but also reveal an enormous amount of information about the individual, from family relationships, to predisposition to disease and other personal traits: genes are the guardians of the unique features inherited by every human being, so both likely to be individualized, and as it advances the knowledge of the genome, more data can be disclosed. Giorgio Agamben
path identifies the biometric system of individuals with a "biopolitical tattoo " (referring to the Foucauldian biopolitics , subtle technologies of power) a dialing procedure to trace a continuity between contemporary democracies and open disciplinary models. Biometrics "permits the registration and the filing away of the most private and incommunicable aspect of subjectivity over" and bring to a close a process of capture of the body share of power.
Interference to intimate that this is manifested in the forced removal of the primary brand of our biological body, involves a form of insult to the rights of the individual. We maintain the private sphere "is the idiosyncratic decision to draw the line between personal life and social environment. [...] Everyone, is unknown or famous, aims to perceive the other being a 'person', ie 'distance' of roles, places, social functions "as Gérard Vincent, author of History of private life. " BIOMETRICS
PORTEÑA, BUENOS AIRES DOING
several years on the project progress "genetic filing" in the legislature of Buenos Aires and the Argentine Congress.
Driven by PRO (which already has other panoptic folder) and some civil society actors, including Mothers of Pain "in the first instance onlymentioned being registered as the perpetrators of sexual crimes. Rep. Eugene
Burzaco (now police chief of Buenos Aires) nationwide urging the creation of a DNA bank for rapists " that the then prime minister candidate Mauricio Macri used as campaign proposal. That project already considered for compulsory registration not only rapists but also to all convicted and tried for any crime.
But the draft Members porteños Gerardo Ingar, Cristian Ritondo, Diana Martínez Barrios and Victoria Morales Gorleri, where it crosses all boundaries of common sense: according to paragraph g) of Article 7 of the bill 201000213 "Registration genetic fingerprint scanned, non-coding, for the City of Buenos Aires "requires:
" g) Section General: digitized fingerprinting of all newborns in the territory of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires from two years after the enactment of this Act, the genetic fingerprints of every person who voluntarily express their wish to include your profile Registry genetic DNA fingerprints scanned and corresponding access this section by the provisions of this Act. "
read, the draft refers to" all the infants in the territory of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires ". Indeed, in power, we are all suspects to become sex offenders. The idea of \u200b\u200bthe Panopticon gene is already among us.
SHERLOCK HOLMES DOES NOT NEED OUR DATA
The inevitable track biological traces left by every living human being-hair, peeling skin, blood, semen, DNA makes the signing of an application especially attractive for police investigation. However, we must make it clear that there is no study showing that the widespread biometric records of the population have helped to increase the effectiveness of investigations, enough to see that in countries where the police investigation is more effective, there are even records Widespread biometric population or identity documents or transfers compulsive general. (Indeed, in many countries not even have identity documents )
On the other hand, widespread genetic record can facilitate identification, but much like the arbitrary incrimination. Identifying people is not the same as blame. It is very difficult to try to leave a fingerprint at the scene outside of a crime, but low enough to obtain a biological sample from a person (eg hair) to make an incriminating DNA. BIOMETRICS
TRADITION, THE GUARDS ARE
ARGENTINE
tradition in Argentina is a crime not to be identified. Unfortunately, our culture naturalized the existence and identity requirement as an obligation of citizenship and state power over the individual. Exit "without papers" on the street, it's like to go underground, "Background Investigation" is the most common cause of arrest in our country, and although the constitutionality of the procedure is challenged, police is "delaying" for several hours in (cells of) the ordinary citizens-police generally poor, young and dark-identifying with the excuse. Legal paradigm is reversed: we are all guilty until proven otherwise identification.
Famous as the pen or dulce de leche, another well-known Argentine invention placed the country at the vanguard of the development of biometric technologies to record: the method of fingerprint identification. The system was invented by the Buenos Aires police investigator, Juan Vucetich and permits from a file of fingerprints, identify an individual as having only their fingerprint data. The invention was developed and patented in Argentina, and our country has the strange history of being the world's first application in 1891, the fingerprinting method as a way of signing. In 1917, despite protests public, the system was applied to the entire population.
In 2010 the Argentines assumed as natural and acceptable, place the ten digits on the pad soaked in ink, then stamping his mark on the police forms at all stages of document or passport renewal imaginable. The city always comes back with dirty hands.
First they came for ...
spiral in the rise of totalitarian governments, the story told is always the same [2]: the panopticon of surveillance and discipline follows a precise order of growth: starts with prisons and prisoners or suspects on which bear a considerable social condemnation ("terrorists" criminals), then follow by the most vulnerable to stigmatization (racial, political, religious or home), and finally extends to the entire population, installing a climate of fear and persecution.
worth repeating here: surveillance technologies are perfected and become socially acceptable to have an impact initially on those marginal groups is where the strongest public condemnation. Everything fascism always starts the same pattern: once accepted mechanism, advances on the rest. The exceptional becomes the rule: for those guilty of heinous sex crimes, to "all the infants in the territory of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires." As mentioned the lawyer Gabriel Ignacio Anitua:
[...] "to apply to all human beings techniques and devices that were invented for the dangerous classes, states, that should be the site of the political life, have human beings at the suspect for excellence, to the extent that it is humanity itself that has become dangerous class "[3]
The Panopticon
Referring to the" panopticon " Jeremy Bentham , its inventor, said: "The main effect of the Panopticon is to induce in the inmate a state of awareness of permanent visibility that assures the automatic functioning of the system. So that the surveillance is permanent in its effects, even if it is discontinuous in its action, that the perfection of the system must be such that continuous monitoring unnecessary, [...] in short, the inmates should be caught in a situation submission of which are themselves oppressors. "You do not watch the eye of this observed effect, just enough for the secure him involved. Whenever states or organizations begin to implement the idea of \u200b\u200bthe panopticon as a generalized policy, many companies turn on their lights for alarm.
GENEALOGY OF THE EUGENICS
One result of decoding the human genome is reviving forgotten eugenic theories, which until the early twentieth century were promoted from certain influential circles, especially in science and state policies outlined in countries like United States, Canada or Sweden (Macri say "this is what you do serious countries.")
The Nazi Holocaust was a conclusive demonstration of driving where eugenics led to its ultimate consequences. After World War II few dared to continue to uphold its principles. However, concepts such as "racial hygiene" or "social Darwinism" is revived in the twenty-first century euphemisms such as "population control", "designer babies" or "reprogenetics." In 2004, a psychiatrist in charge of a committee report on psychotropic drugs and temporary foster children in the state of Texas, defended the administration intensive drugs, because "children were very sick due to poor genetic stock or stock "
The project title is stressed macrista" character coding "DNA to be registered, ie, regions of DNA that do not encode any protein, and in theory would not derive any physical trait typical of that individual. However, the deputy Buenos Aires Jorge Selser by South Project notes that "the markers used for analysis can yield information about ethnic groups and even on some diseases, which would put information in the hands of third parties which, if preserved, could create situations that are conflict and persecution. "
STIGMA, xenophobia and CRIME
last December as a download on the murders during the violent eviction of American Indian park, the city government chief and other senior officials uttered a series of public statements openly xenophobic, which have no precedent in the democratic period, with the exception of some that occurred during the Menem government in 90s.
Macri said there is "progress uncontrolled illegal immigration, and his Chief of Staff, Rodriguez Larreta, adding that in Argentina there is" a very permissive law on migration: people come and soon to be Argentina calls the house, usurping, then comes the judge forces the state to provide housing, "Is a perverse logic," the only thing it does is encourage more people come from neighboring countries to usurp land and housing demand. We have to cut it "[4].
statements enable a flurry of opinions and xenophobic headlines in the media. The next day, Mauricio Macri and Horacio Rodríguez Larreta were prosecuted for "inciting hatred" , in accordance with Article 3 of Law 23,592, by the Network for Migrants and Refugees in Argentina. There were condemnations of the Embassy of Paraguay and international organizations.
should be noted that Mauricio Macri, along with several senior officials of his government, are prosecuted for illegal wiretap -the most outrageous, Sergio Burstein, a leader of Relatives and Victims of the AMIA bombing, "that is illegally using a monitoring and status register (similar to the genetic database) arbitrarily spy on certain individuals for political purposes or personal following.
We add the items mentioned throughout the post: government officials promoting xenophobia from their public statements, stigmatization of vulnerable sectors of society, illegal use of state monitoring devices ... and add biometric technologies involving intimate profile individuals: sensitive genetic information of all people, to be delivered to the government, becoming widespread panoptic exceptional records for all city residents.
Do not stop sounding the alarm.
NOTES [1] "Identify! Notes for a history of population control "Gabriel Ignacio Anitua, published in: AA.VV.," Criminal Justice Studies. Book tribute to Prof. Dr. Julio BJ Maier, Editors Puerto, Buenos Aires, 2005. and "Revista Brasileira de Ciências Criminais, No. 3, San Pablo, IBCCRIM, Editor two Tribunais, November-December 2006.
[2] "The Nazi state had to have a record of each individual while the individual must be an identifiable and easily classifiable. This obsession 'actuarial' and a fully modern rationality was reflected in a widespread identification project that already existed in other states to identify offenders and other suspects. By the time he assumed the Nazis and the identification system was applied in all the Western states to identify newcomers to their ports. This is extended by the Nazis to other subjects, in the image and likeness of that 'other' suspect. In effect, the system was used, the control of foreigners, for the Jews, Gypsies and other minorities were considered in this way even if they were born in the same country. The first thing the Nazis did in 1933 was a census of the entire Jewish population. The 'paper' (identity papers, passports) would be essential for survival under his regime. Mixed well, to suppress and control these populations, exclusionary and disciplinary methods, reactionaries and modern. It was as reactionary by the need to identify a population that could happen anonymously in the new towns, preventing their movement, for it applied the modern techniques documentary record that they used, among other data, photographs and typing. In the old absolutist practices to prevent deception by the exclusion of special clothing brands and through the disciplinary control of the cities plague, they were joined by identifying new technology: the symbol of this union would be the number tattooed on his left arm detainees in the camps [...] The rest of the population, 'including' disciplinarily was also controlled by documentary evidence that, for some, membership is a privilege, "Gabriel Ignacio Anitua Ibid. p. 20.
[3] Ibid. p. 2.
[4] Larreta referring to Law No. 25,871 , whose author was the deputy for the Socialist Party Rubén Giustiniani, passed in 2004 with support from the government of Nestor Kirchner. The law is one of the world's most advanced on immigration, granting immigrants the same rights as natives, including labor unions, social security, medical care in public hospitals, education and participate in decisions relating to life in the communities where they reside.
www.derechoaleer.org
in" Identify! "[1]
Do your duty. Pass the portfolio by the detector, log in control, give your details to the officer, leave their mark on the form, open your bag, showing your personal belongings, leave the film, leave photograph, desnúdese at the airport ... and give blood and DNA from his son to the city government.
BIOMETRICS AND DNA
"The biometrics is the study of automated methods for recognizing humans based single one or more intrinsic physical or behavioral traits. The term derives from the Greek words 'bios' of life and "metron" measure. "
Fingerprints or DNA profiles are one of those individual human traits that can be currently measured and recorded. But unlike fingerprints, iris or voice, DNA not only provides data that identify a person, but also reveal an enormous amount of information about the individual, from family relationships, to predisposition to disease and other personal traits: genes are the guardians of the unique features inherited by every human being, so both likely to be individualized, and as it advances the knowledge of the genome, more data can be disclosed. Giorgio Agamben
path identifies the biometric system of individuals with a "biopolitical tattoo " (referring to the Foucauldian biopolitics , subtle technologies of power) a dialing procedure to trace a continuity between contemporary democracies and open disciplinary models. Biometrics "permits the registration and the filing away of the most private and incommunicable aspect of subjectivity over" and bring to a close a process of capture of the body share of power.
Interference to intimate that this is manifested in the forced removal of the primary brand of our biological body, involves a form of insult to the rights of the individual. We maintain the private sphere "is the idiosyncratic decision to draw the line between personal life and social environment. [...] Everyone, is unknown or famous, aims to perceive the other being a 'person', ie 'distance' of roles, places, social functions "as Gérard Vincent, author of History of private life. " BIOMETRICS
PORTEÑA, BUENOS AIRES DOING
several years on the project progress "genetic filing" in the legislature of Buenos Aires and the Argentine Congress.
Driven by PRO (which already has other panoptic folder) and some civil society actors, including Mothers of Pain "in the first instance onlymentioned being registered as the perpetrators of sexual crimes. Rep. Eugene
Burzaco (now police chief of Buenos Aires) nationwide urging the creation of a DNA bank for rapists " that the then prime minister candidate Mauricio Macri used as campaign proposal. That project already considered for compulsory registration not only rapists but also to all convicted and tried for any crime.
But the draft Members porteños Gerardo Ingar, Cristian Ritondo, Diana Martínez Barrios and Victoria Morales Gorleri, where it crosses all boundaries of common sense: according to paragraph g) of Article 7 of the bill 201000213 "Registration genetic fingerprint scanned, non-coding, for the City of Buenos Aires "requires:
" g) Section General: digitized fingerprinting of all newborns in the territory of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires from two years after the enactment of this Act, the genetic fingerprints of every person who voluntarily express their wish to include your profile Registry genetic DNA fingerprints scanned and corresponding access this section by the provisions of this Act. "
read, the draft refers to" all the infants in the territory of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires ". Indeed, in power, we are all suspects to become sex offenders. The idea of \u200b\u200bthe Panopticon gene is already among us.
SHERLOCK HOLMES DOES NOT NEED OUR DATA
The inevitable track biological traces left by every living human being-hair, peeling skin, blood, semen, DNA makes the signing of an application especially attractive for police investigation. However, we must make it clear that there is no study showing that the widespread biometric records of the population have helped to increase the effectiveness of investigations, enough to see that in countries where the police investigation is more effective, there are even records Widespread biometric population or identity documents or transfers compulsive general. (Indeed, in many countries not even have identity documents )
On the other hand, widespread genetic record can facilitate identification, but much like the arbitrary incrimination. Identifying people is not the same as blame. It is very difficult to try to leave a fingerprint at the scene outside of a crime, but low enough to obtain a biological sample from a person (eg hair) to make an incriminating DNA. BIOMETRICS
TRADITION, THE GUARDS ARE
ARGENTINE
tradition in Argentina is a crime not to be identified. Unfortunately, our culture naturalized the existence and identity requirement as an obligation of citizenship and state power over the individual. Exit "without papers" on the street, it's like to go underground, "Background Investigation" is the most common cause of arrest in our country, and although the constitutionality of the procedure is challenged, police is "delaying" for several hours in (cells of) the ordinary citizens-police generally poor, young and dark-identifying with the excuse. Legal paradigm is reversed: we are all guilty until proven otherwise identification.
Famous as the pen or dulce de leche, another well-known Argentine invention placed the country at the vanguard of the development of biometric technologies to record: the method of fingerprint identification. The system was invented by the Buenos Aires police investigator, Juan Vucetich and permits from a file of fingerprints, identify an individual as having only their fingerprint data. The invention was developed and patented in Argentina, and our country has the strange history of being the world's first application in 1891, the fingerprinting method as a way of signing. In 1917, despite protests public, the system was applied to the entire population.
In 2010 the Argentines assumed as natural and acceptable, place the ten digits on the pad soaked in ink, then stamping his mark on the police forms at all stages of document or passport renewal imaginable. The city always comes back with dirty hands.
First they came for ...
spiral in the rise of totalitarian governments, the story told is always the same [2]: the panopticon of surveillance and discipline follows a precise order of growth: starts with prisons and prisoners or suspects on which bear a considerable social condemnation ("terrorists" criminals), then follow by the most vulnerable to stigmatization (racial, political, religious or home), and finally extends to the entire population, installing a climate of fear and persecution.
worth repeating here: surveillance technologies are perfected and become socially acceptable to have an impact initially on those marginal groups is where the strongest public condemnation. Everything fascism always starts the same pattern: once accepted mechanism, advances on the rest. The exceptional becomes the rule: for those guilty of heinous sex crimes, to "all the infants in the territory of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires." As mentioned the lawyer Gabriel Ignacio Anitua:
[...] "to apply to all human beings techniques and devices that were invented for the dangerous classes, states, that should be the site of the political life, have human beings at the suspect for excellence, to the extent that it is humanity itself that has become dangerous class "[3]
The Panopticon
Referring to the" panopticon " Jeremy Bentham , its inventor, said: "The main effect of the Panopticon is to induce in the inmate a state of awareness of permanent visibility that assures the automatic functioning of the system. So that the surveillance is permanent in its effects, even if it is discontinuous in its action, that the perfection of the system must be such that continuous monitoring unnecessary, [...] in short, the inmates should be caught in a situation submission of which are themselves oppressors. "You do not watch the eye of this observed effect, just enough for the secure him involved. Whenever states or organizations begin to implement the idea of \u200b\u200bthe panopticon as a generalized policy, many companies turn on their lights for alarm.
GENEALOGY OF THE EUGENICS
One result of decoding the human genome is reviving forgotten eugenic theories, which until the early twentieth century were promoted from certain influential circles, especially in science and state policies outlined in countries like United States, Canada or Sweden (Macri say "this is what you do serious countries.")
The Nazi Holocaust was a conclusive demonstration of driving where eugenics led to its ultimate consequences. After World War II few dared to continue to uphold its principles. However, concepts such as "racial hygiene" or "social Darwinism" is revived in the twenty-first century euphemisms such as "population control", "designer babies" or "reprogenetics." In 2004, a psychiatrist in charge of a committee report on psychotropic drugs and temporary foster children in the state of Texas, defended the administration intensive drugs, because "children were very sick due to poor genetic stock or stock "
The project title is stressed macrista" character coding "DNA to be registered, ie, regions of DNA that do not encode any protein, and in theory would not derive any physical trait typical of that individual. However, the deputy Buenos Aires Jorge Selser by South Project notes that "the markers used for analysis can yield information about ethnic groups and even on some diseases, which would put information in the hands of third parties which, if preserved, could create situations that are conflict and persecution. "
STIGMA, xenophobia and CRIME
last December as a download on the murders during the violent eviction of American Indian park, the city government chief and other senior officials uttered a series of public statements openly xenophobic, which have no precedent in the democratic period, with the exception of some that occurred during the Menem government in 90s.
Macri said there is "progress uncontrolled illegal immigration, and his Chief of Staff, Rodriguez Larreta, adding that in Argentina there is" a very permissive law on migration: people come and soon to be Argentina calls the house, usurping, then comes the judge forces the state to provide housing, "Is a perverse logic," the only thing it does is encourage more people come from neighboring countries to usurp land and housing demand. We have to cut it "[4].
statements enable a flurry of opinions and xenophobic headlines in the media. The next day, Mauricio Macri and Horacio Rodríguez Larreta were prosecuted for "inciting hatred" , in accordance with Article 3 of Law 23,592, by the Network for Migrants and Refugees in Argentina. There were condemnations of the Embassy of Paraguay and international organizations.
should be noted that Mauricio Macri, along with several senior officials of his government, are prosecuted for illegal wiretap -the most outrageous, Sergio Burstein, a leader of Relatives and Victims of the AMIA bombing, "that is illegally using a monitoring and status register (similar to the genetic database) arbitrarily spy on certain individuals for political purposes or personal following.
We add the items mentioned throughout the post: government officials promoting xenophobia from their public statements, stigmatization of vulnerable sectors of society, illegal use of state monitoring devices ... and add biometric technologies involving intimate profile individuals: sensitive genetic information of all people, to be delivered to the government, becoming widespread panoptic exceptional records for all city residents.
Do not stop sounding the alarm.
NOTES [1] "Identify! Notes for a history of population control "Gabriel Ignacio Anitua, published in: AA.VV.," Criminal Justice Studies. Book tribute to Prof. Dr. Julio BJ Maier, Editors Puerto, Buenos Aires, 2005. and "Revista Brasileira de Ciências Criminais, No. 3, San Pablo, IBCCRIM, Editor two Tribunais, November-December 2006.
[2] "The Nazi state had to have a record of each individual while the individual must be an identifiable and easily classifiable. This obsession 'actuarial' and a fully modern rationality was reflected in a widespread identification project that already existed in other states to identify offenders and other suspects. By the time he assumed the Nazis and the identification system was applied in all the Western states to identify newcomers to their ports. This is extended by the Nazis to other subjects, in the image and likeness of that 'other' suspect. In effect, the system was used, the control of foreigners, for the Jews, Gypsies and other minorities were considered in this way even if they were born in the same country. The first thing the Nazis did in 1933 was a census of the entire Jewish population. The 'paper' (identity papers, passports) would be essential for survival under his regime. Mixed well, to suppress and control these populations, exclusionary and disciplinary methods, reactionaries and modern. It was as reactionary by the need to identify a population that could happen anonymously in the new towns, preventing their movement, for it applied the modern techniques documentary record that they used, among other data, photographs and typing. In the old absolutist practices to prevent deception by the exclusion of special clothing brands and through the disciplinary control of the cities plague, they were joined by identifying new technology: the symbol of this union would be the number tattooed on his left arm detainees in the camps [...] The rest of the population, 'including' disciplinarily was also controlled by documentary evidence that, for some, membership is a privilege, "Gabriel Ignacio Anitua Ibid. p. 20.
[3] Ibid. p. 2.
[4] Larreta referring to Law No. 25,871 , whose author was the deputy for the Socialist Party Rubén Giustiniani, passed in 2004 with support from the government of Nestor Kirchner. The law is one of the world's most advanced on immigration, granting immigrants the same rights as natives, including labor unions, social security, medical care in public hospitals, education and participate in decisions relating to life in the communities where they reside.
www.derechoaleer.org
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